Before diving in to the how-to part of this guide, it is essential to know some basic terms and acronyms. You don’t need to learn them immediately, just look them up as you encounter them in the guide. This will help you make logical connections between the terminology and real-life situations.
1. Computer Network – computers that are linked to each other (by a physical transport layer) using Optical fiber, Ethernet, Wireless LAN, HomePNA or Power Line. By connecting computers or network-capable appliances you can choose to share and access resources and information.
2. LAN - A local area network is a computer network with a limited range, usually considered to be less than 1KM. Common examples where a LAN might be implemented are at home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school, or an airport. LANs are characterized by high speed data transfer rates.
3. Network Architecture –
•The client-server architecture differentiates client systems from server systems. A common example that illustrates this model are websites. Your computer establishes a connection to the server which sends back the web page over the Internet. An analogy would be broadcasting (one to many distribution model). This model is illustrated in the first image.
•A peer-to-peer (or P2P) architecture uses the cumulative bandwidth of network participants rather than centralized resources (servers). On a peer to peer network every participant is both a client and a server. This architecture is widely used in various file sharing software, including the notorious BitTorrent protocol. This model is illustrated in the second image.
The client-server architecture
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